Biomaterials have garnered widespread interest due to their tunable physical, chemical and biological properties, ease of fabrication, biocompatibility, and applications in a variety of fields. Materials derived from natural sources can be modified using simple yet efficient chemical processes thus imparting desired properties. Ranging from cellulose to chitin, a host of sources have been utilized by researchers to generate nanomaterials for biomedical applications. While synthetically generated materials provide researchers with a wide range of tools to mold them as per the need, these substances are often toxic, hydrophobic, and can rarely be used in medicinal applications. With rising costs of manufacturing, it is essential to tap into naturally available abundant sources as alternatives. This issue showcases original research articles and review articles based on the fabrication, characterization, and applications of novel biomaterials for drug delivery applications.